A particulate result is only as good as the sample behind it, and a sample drawn at the wrong velocity is biased before it reaches the laboratory. This practical course covers aerosol behaviour, isokinetic principles, nozzle selection, sampling train assembly, the calculations and the calibration checks that make a result defensible. Delegates work through equipment, worked calculations and a full sampling exercise from plan to report.
Ready to book? Secure your place on this programme.
Explain aerosol behaviour, particle size and aerodynamic diameter.
Apply isokinetic principles and recognise sub and super isokinetic bias.
Select nozzles, media and equipment and assemble a sampling train.
Perform sampling flow rate, volume and particulate concentration calculations.
Carry out calibration, leak checks and sample handling to a defensible standard.
Interpret sampling data and write a technically sound sampling report.
Course outline
Module
Topic
Main competency
01
Introduction to aerosols and particulate matter
Understanding what is being sampled
02
Fundamentals of particle and aerosol sampling
A defensible sampling strategy
03
Principles of isokinetic sampling
Recognising and avoiding aspiration bias
04
Sampling equipment and sampling trains
Correct equipment selection and assembly
05
Sampling calculations
Flow rate, volume and concentration calculated correctly
06
Practical sampling procedures
Sampling carried out to procedure in the field
07
Aerosol and particulate measurement techniques
Choosing the right measurement method
08
Calibration and quality assurance
Results that survive an audit
09
Common sampling errors and troubleshooting
Diagnosing a sampling problem
10
Data analysis and interpretation
Turning field data into a defensible result
11
Health, safety and field considerations
Working safely around industrial processes
12
Practical exercise and case study
The whole method applied end to end
The 3 day programme
Each training day runs 08:30 to 16:30 with morning and afternoon breaks and a lunch break. Timings can be adjusted to suit an in house group.
Day 1: Aerosols, sampling principles and the sampling train
Time
Session
Key topics
Activity
08:30 to 09:00
Registration and introduction
Introductions, expectations, course overview, delegate sampling experience and monitoring objectives
Delegate introductions
09:00 to 10:15
Module 1: aerosols and particulate matter
Fundamentals of aerosols; definition and classification of particulate matter; sources of airborne particles; particle size and aerodynamic diameter; particle density and shape; particle transport, behaviour and deposition; workplace and environmental exposure considerations
Discussion of the particle sources in the delegates' own operations
10:15 to 10:30
Tea break
10:30 to 11:45
Module 2: fundamentals of particle and aerosol sampling
Objectives of aerosol sampling; representative sampling principles; sampling strategy and planning; personal and area sampling; sampling locations; sampling duration and frequency; total particulate sampling; size selective sampling; inhalable, thoracic and respirable fractions
Exercise: choose a sampling strategy for a stated objective
11:45 to 12:30
Module 3: principles of isokinetic sampling
Definition of isokinetic sampling; why representative sampling matters; sampling velocity against gas stream velocity; isokinetic conditions
Demonstration of the velocity relationship
12:30 to 13:15
Lunch
13:15 to 14:30
Module 3 continued: bias, probes and nozzles
Sub isokinetic sampling; super isokinetic sampling; particle aspiration and sampling bias; sampling probe orientation; nozzle selection and positioning; the factors affecting isokinetic sampling accuracy
Worked examples showing the direction and size of the bias
14:30 to 15:15
Module 4: sampling equipment
Sampling probes; sampling nozzles; filters and filter holders; sampling heads; pumps and flow controllers; flow meters; cyclones; impactors; tubing and connectors; moisture traps; calibration equipment
Equipment familiarisation
15:15 to 15:30
Tea break
15:30 to 16:30
Module 4 continued: sampling train configuration
Configuring a sampling train for the objective; matching components; the order of the train; what each component contributes and what it can cost you if it is wrong
Exercise: configure a sampling train from a component set
16:30 to 16:45
Day one review
Key learning points, questions and discussion
Facilitated review
What you take away from day 1
A working understanding of particle size, aerodynamic diameter and why they govern the method.
The ability to state, and defend, a sampling strategy for a stated objective.
A clear grasp of how sub and super isokinetic sampling bias a result, and in which direction.
A sampling train configured from a real component set.
Day 2: Calculations, field procedure, measurement and quality assurance
Time
Session
Key topics
Activity
08:30 to 09:00
Day one recap
Review of aerosol behaviour, sampling strategy, isokinetic principles and the train
Question and answer session
09:00 to 10:15
Module 5: sampling calculations
Sampling flow rate calculations; sampling velocity; gas stream velocity; nozzle diameter selection; sampling volume; temperature and pressure corrections
Worked calculations
10:15 to 10:30
Tea break
10:30 to 11:45
Module 5 continued: concentration and isokinetic calculations
Particulate concentration calculations; isokinetic sampling calculations; checking a calculation for reasonableness; worked calculation exercises
Exercise: calculate nozzle size, flow rate and concentration for a given stream
11:45 to 12:30
Module 6: practical sampling procedures
Equipment inspection and preparation; sampling train assembly; leak checking; equipment calibration; selecting the appropriate nozzle
Practical demonstration
12:30 to 13:15
Lunch
13:15 to 14:30
Module 6 continued: running the sample
Establishing sampling conditions; probe positioning; maintaining isokinetic conditions; sample collection; post sampling inspection; sample recovery; sample identification and documentation
Practical sampling run
14:30 to 15:15
Module 7: measurement techniques
Gravimetric sampling; filter based sampling; size selective sampling; cyclone sampling; impactor sampling; optical particle measurement; real time aerosol monitoring; particle counters; photometric measurement; the advantages and limits of each
Comparing methods against a stated objective
15:15 to 15:30
Tea break
15:30 to 16:30
Module 8: calibration and quality assurance
Calibration before and after sampling; flow rate verification; equipment inspection; field blanks; sample blanks; duplicate samples; sample identification; chain of custody; sample preservation; data quality requirements; sampling documentation
Building a quality assurance checklist
16:30 to 16:45
Day two review
Key learning points, questions and discussion
Facilitated review
What you take away from day 2
Nozzle size, flow rate and sampled volume calculated by hand and checked.
A particulate concentration calculated from real sampling data.
A sampling run carried out end to end, including leak check and sample recovery.
A quality assurance checklist covering blanks, duplicates and chain of custody.
Day 3: Errors, interpretation, field safety and the full exercise
Time
Session
Key topics
Activity
08:30 to 09:00
Day two recap
Review of the calculations, the field procedure and the quality assurance set
Question and answer session
09:00 to 10:15
Module 9: common sampling errors and troubleshooting
Module 11: health, safety and field considerations
Field risk assessment; personal protective equipment; safe sampling practices; working around industrial processes; chemical and particulate exposure; hot surfaces and process hazards; electrical safety; equipment handling; emergency procedures
Field risk assessment for a sampling location
14:00 to 15:00
Module 12: practical sampling exercise
Sampling plan preparation; equipment selection; sampling train assembly; calibration; isokinetic calculations; sampling point selection; the sampling procedure; sample recovery
Full practical sampling exercise
15:00 to 15:15
Tea break
15:15 to 16:15
Module 12 continued: analysis and reporting
Data analysis; particulate concentration calculations; interpretation of the results; preparation of the sampling report
Producing the sampling report from the exercise
16:15 to 16:45
Course review, assessment and close
Review of the key concepts, final assessment, course feedback and key takeaways
Final assessment and close
What you take away from day 3
A checklist of the errors that most often invalidate a particulate result.
The ability to look at a data set and say whether it is usable.
A field risk assessment for a real sampling location.
A complete sampling report produced from the delegate's own exercise data.
Detailed learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course, delegates will be able to:
Explain the fundamental principles of aerosols and particulate matter.
Explain particle size, aerodynamic diameter and particle behaviour.
Explain the principles and importance of isokinetic sampling.
Identify the factors that affect the accuracy and representativeness of particle sampling.
Identify and select appropriate sampling equipment and collection media.
Assemble and inspect a particulate and aerosol sampling train.
Determine appropriate sampling flow rates and sampling conditions.
Perform basic isokinetic sampling calculations.
Conduct representative particulate and aerosol sampling.
Perform calibration checks before and after sampling.
Identify common sampling errors and sources of measurement bias.
Apply appropriate sample handling and documentation procedures.
Calculate particulate concentrations from sampling data.
Evaluate sampling results and identify potential data quality issues.
Prepare clear and technically sound sampling reports.
Who should attend
This course suits environmental scientists, industrial hygienists and occupational health and safety professionals, air quality specialists and environmental monitoring personnel, laboratory analysts, technicians and sampling technicians, process and chemical engineers, health safety and environment professionals, emissions monitoring personnel, quality control and quality assurance staff, and consultants working in air quality and particulate monitoring. It is written for anyone responsible for workplace exposure or environmental sampling who needs the result to stand up to scrutiny.
Recommended entry level
Delegates should work in sampling, monitoring, laboratory or process roles, or be preparing to take on sampling responsibilities. Comfort with basic arithmetic and unit conversion is needed, because the calculation modules are worked by hand. No prior isokinetic sampling experience is assumed, and delegates who bring their own equipment specifications and monitoring objectives get the most from the practical sessions.
How the course is taught
The programme is run as practical, competency based training rather than a series of presentations, so delegates rehearse the supervisory tasks they are expected to perform on their own sites. Methods used include:
Instructor led presentations
Technical discussions
Worked examples
Practical demonstrations
Sampling calculations
Group exercises
Case studies
Equipment familiarisation
Practical sampling exercises
Question and answer sessions
How delegates are assessed
Formative assessment
Technical questions and discussion
Worked calculation examples
Group exercises
Case study analysis
Practical assessment
Selecting equipment and collection media for a stated sampling objective
Assembling and leak checking a sampling train
Calibrating equipment before and after sampling
Selecting a nozzle and establishing isokinetic conditions
Carrying out a sampling run and recovering the sample
Calculating sampled volume and particulate concentration
Final assessment
A full sampling exercise from plan to report
Interpretation of the sampling results
Preparation of a technical sampling report
Certification
Delegates who complete the required assessment activities receive a BMC Training certificate of completion for the programme.
Fees are per delegate. South African venues are priced in rand; other locations and online in US dollars. Fees exclude 15% VAT where applicable. Group bookings of three or more delegates from the same organisation qualify for a reduced rate; contact us for a quotation.
Related courses in Laboratory, Analysers and Research